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• Constitution of the United States/Fourteenth Amend./Section 1 Rights
  ...1 Rights}}<font size="+3">Fourteenth Amendment Equal Protection and Other Rights</font> <font size="+2">Section 1 Rights</font>
  1.11 MB (176,394 words) - 04:39, September 13, 2023
• Constitution of the United States/Art. III/Sec. 2/Clause 1 Cases or Controversies
  ...Grants of different States, and between a State, or the Citizens thereof, and foreign States, Citizens or Subjects.}} ...e claiming Land under Grants of different States, or the Citizens thereof, and foreign States, Citizens or Subjects."<ref><span id="ALDF_00023465">[[{{ROO
  935 KB (144,511 words) - 04:46, September 13, 2023
• Constitution of the United States/First Amend./Free Speech Clause
  ...s<ref><span id="ALDF_00025505">''Id.'' at 1153.</span></ref> and the House and Senate agreed to final language in conference. ...ee on public safety, Madison had promoted prosecution of Loyalist speakers and the burning of their pamphlets during the Revolutionary period. 1 Papers of
  676 KB (103,970 words) - 16:04, November 7, 2023
• Constitutional Law Chemerinsky/Outline I
  ...t and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish.”The Scope of Federal Judicial Power:''' '''[[Constitution_of_t ...ases, in law and equity, arising under the U.S. Constitution, federal law, and treaties,'
  373 KB (58,299 words) - 19:37, July 2, 2023
• Constitutional Liberties
  | book_one = American Constitutional Law: Powers And Liberties ...two = Constitutional Law for a Changing America: Rights, Liberties, and Justice
  268 KB (42,125 words) - 13:54, June 30, 2023
• Constitution of the United States/Fifth Amend.
  ...the United States|alias =Fifth Amendment}}<font size="+3">Fifth Amendment Rights of Persons</font> ...stantive due process generally protects certain fundamental constitutional rights from federal government interference in specific subject areas such as libe
  492 KB (76,863 words) - 04:29, September 13, 2023
• Constitution of the United States/Art. II/Sec. 2/Clause 2 Advice and Consent
  ...ge=Constitution of the United States/Art. II/Sec. 2|alias =Clause 2 Advice and Consent}}<font size="+3">Article II Executive Branch</font> <font size="+1">Clause 2 Advice and Consent</font>
  423 KB (63,941 words) - 04:44, September 13, 2023
• Constitutional Law Stone/Outline II
  ...ech, or of the press; or of the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.” ### FS cases involve balancing of 1A and gov’t’s interests (protects freedom from gov’t not private individual
  347 KB (56,021 words) - 13:44, June 9, 2023
• Constitution of the United States/Art. III/Section 1 Vesting Clause
  ...preme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services, a Compensation, which s ...f> Judicial power thus confers on federal courts the power to decide cases and to render a judgment that conclusively resolves each case.
  384 KB (58,677 words) - 04:46, September 13, 2023
• Constitution of the United States/Sixth Amend.
  ...the United States|alias =Sixth Amendment}}<font size="+3">Sixth Amendment Rights in Criminal Prosecutions</font> ...the states by the Amendment's terms, the Court has come to protect all the rights guaranteed in the Sixth Amendment against state abridgment through the Due
  423 KB (65,907 words) - 04:29, September 13, 2023
• Health Law Furrow/Outline
  |text=Health Law: Cases, Materials and Problems Furrow =1. Health law -Chapter 1 Cost, Quality, access, and Choice=
  180 KB (28,200 words) - 01:36, March 26, 2022
• Property Singer/Outline
  |text=Property Law: Rules, Policies, and Practices Singer Berger Davidson Penalver State government acts as defender and definer of property rights – puts stresses on the system
  209 KB (33,554 words) - 01:26, May 10, 2024
• Income Tax Freeland/Outline
  |text=Fundamentals of Federal Income Taxation: Cases and Materials ...it (leaves it a shell of a bill), fills in its own provisions, passes it, and sends it back to the House.
  410 KB (62,024 words) - 19:06, May 31, 2022
• Constitution of the United States/Art. I/Sec. 8/Clause 3 Commerce
  ...t|To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes;}} ...Commerce Clause gives Congress broad power to regulate interstate commerce and restricts states from impairing interstate commerce. Early Supreme Court ca
  286 KB (44,289 words) - 16:30, October 11, 2023
• Constitutional Law Paulsen/3rd ed. Outline
  5. Protection of individual rights ▪ Establishment of multiple levels of courts (Supreme and inferior)
  228 KB (35,189 words) - 16:41, March 14, 2023
• Property Merrill/Outline
  |text=Property: Principles and Policies, 3rd ##Bundle of rights – Modern, varies based on policy
  211 KB (32,202 words) - 01:25, May 10, 2024
• Constitution of the United States/Eighth Amend.
  ...ted States|alias =Eighth Amendment}}<font size="+3">Eighth Amendment Cruel and Unusual Punishment</font> ...too vague to have been of any consequence, since [it] admit[s] of no clear and precise signification." James Iredell, Marcus, Answers to Mr. Mason's Objec
  180 KB (27,855 words) - 04:30, September 13, 2023
• First Amendment Sullivan/Outline
  ===Rule for State and Local Governments=== ·        '''Rule for state and local governments''' (''Smith''): A ''<u>neutral</u>'' <u>law of general ap
  174 KB (25,815 words) - 16:42, March 14, 2023
• Constitution of the United States/First Amend./Religion
  ==Overview of the Religion Clauses (Establishment and Free Exercise Clauses)== ...se clauses promote individual freedom of religion and separation of church and state.
  107 KB (15,767 words) - 16:25, November 7, 2023
• Section 1983 Litigation/Constitutional Rights Enforceable Under § 1983
  ...ate law, is covered ''infra'' [[Section 1983 Litigation/Color of State Law and State Action]]. === Fourteenth Amendment Rights===
  205 KB (30,427 words) - 13:52, October 8, 2023
• Legislation and Regulation
  | subject = Legislation and Regulation | book_one = Legislation and Regulation casebook
  115 KB (17,754 words) - 04:23, December 31, 2019
• Entertainment Law
  | book_one = Entertainment, Media, and the Law | book_two = Entertainment Law: Cases, Documents, and Materials
  122 KB (18,711 words) - 15:48, May 25, 2023
• Civil Procedure Yeazell/Outline
  | subject = Civil Procedure | text = Civil Procedure, Tenth Edition Yeazell Schwartz
  139 KB (21,256 words) - 01:27, March 26, 2022
• Environmental Law
  =Economic and Non-Economic Perspectives= ## Postive/descriptive aspect: divergence btwn polluter’s private costs and the social costs imposed by his activity (externalities) – e.g. steel pro
  210 KB (31,927 words) - 19:57, January 22, 2020
• Immigration Law Aleinikoff/Outline
  |text=Immigration and Citizenship: Process and Policy (American Casebook Series) #### The Scott Act of 1888 amended the Chinese Exclusion Act and prohibited Chinese immigrants traveling abroad from returning to the U.S. a
  138 KB (20,807 words) - 01:27, March 26, 2022
• Constitution of the United States/First Amend.
  ...also expressly protects the freedoms of speech, press, peaceable assembly, and petition to the Government. ...t essays end by discussing the Clauses protecting the freedoms of assembly and petition.
  127 KB (19,290 words) - 16:15, November 7, 2023
• Constitution of the United States/Art. IV/Sec. 2/Clause 1 Privileges and Immunities
  ...onstitution of the United States/Art. IV/Sec. 2|alias =Clause 1 Privileges and Immunities}}<font size="+3">Article IV Relationships Between the States</fo <font size="+1">Clause 1 Privileges and Immunities</font>
  56 KB (8,698 words) - 04:48, September 13, 2023
• Constitution of the United States/First Amend./Establishment Clause
  ...the 'establishment' of a religion connoted sponsorship, financial support, and active involvement of the sovereign in religious activity."<ref><span id="A ...ate must "be a neutral in its relations with groups of religious believers and non-believers."<ref><span id="ALDF_00018231">''[[Everson]]'', 330 U.S. at 1
  157 KB (24,096 words) - 15:44, November 7, 2023
• Constitutional Law Maggs/4th ed. Outline II
  ...in exchange for government offerings. You cannot give up '''''inalienable rights'''''. '''''Bill of Rights ''''' Traditional Rights are split into
  72 KB (11,057 words) - 11:41, May 23, 2023
• Conflicts of Laws
  ...als (Aspen Casebook)| book_two = Conflict of Laws, Cases, Comments, and Questions (American Casebook Series)| book_three =Conflicts in a Nutsh ...les are (1) uniformity in results in their determination / predictability, and (2) to prevent forum shopping.
  90 KB (14,956 words) - 12:05, December 11, 2021
• Constitution of the United States/First Amend./Freedom of Association
  ...of engaging" in "speech, assembly, petition for the redress of grievances, and the exercise of religion."<ref><span id="ALDF_00019506">''Id.''</span></ref ...s#Marriage and Substantive Due Process|Fourteenth Amend., Sec. 1: Marriage and Substantive Due Process]].</span></ref>
  96 KB (14,374 words) - 16:13, November 7, 2023
• Constitution of the United States/Fourteenth Amend./Section 5 Enforcement
  ...forcement}}<font size="+3">Fourteenth Amendment Equal Protection and Other Rights</font> ...ich culminated in broad provisions against private interference with civil rights in the 1968 legislation.<ref><span id="ALDF_00012141">82 Stat. 73, [https:/
  52 KB (7,824 words) - 04:40, September 13, 2023
• Constitution of the United States/Seventh Amend.
  ...es|alias =Seventh Amendment}}<font size="+3">Seventh Amendment Civil Trial Rights</font> ...Amend.#Cases Combining Law and Equity|Seventh Amend.: Cases Combining Law and Equity]]. </span></ref>
  53 KB (8,525 words) - 04:29, September 13, 2023
• Constitution of the United States/Nineteenth Amend.
  ...hroughout society by helping to increase women's participation in politics and other domains of public life.<ref><span id="ALDF_00029922">''See'' [[{{ROOT ...prior to the Civil War, women gained significant experience in organizing and leading political reform movements, including women's suffrage campaigns.<r
  49 KB (7,103 words) - 04:41, September 13, 2023
• Property Singer/7th ed. Outline
  |text=Property Law: Rules Policies and Practices 7th Edition Singer ==Defining and Competing for Property==
  80 KB (11,784 words) - 16:25, February 2, 2023
• Constitution of the United States/Eleventh Amend.
  ...ral system and affect[s] the allocation of power between the United States and the several states."<ref><span id="ALDF_00027679">C. Wright, The Law of Fed ...and ought to be subject to suit. ''Id.'' at 573. James Wilson, a delegate and member of the Committee on Detail, seemed to say in the Pennsylvania ratify
  118 KB (18,842 words) - 04:30, September 13, 2023
• Civil Procedure Marcus/7th ed. Outline
  |subject=Civil Procedure |text=civil procedure modern approach
  108 KB (17,643 words) - 18:57, June 21, 2022
• Constitution of the United States/First Amend./Free Exercise Clause
  ...ce officer may lawfully prevent a person from praying at a particular time and place.");</span></ref> Starting with the first freedom, as explored in more ...utionally protected free exercise. These standards have differed over time and circumstances, as discussed in the following essays.
  99 KB (15,193 words) - 15:51, November 7, 2023
• Constitution of the United States/Art. I/Sec. 9/Clause 3 Nullification
  ...urt has held that the clause "is directed against legislative action only, and does not reach erroneous or inconsistent decisions by the courts." ''[[Fran ...contained in the Constitution against enactments of this kind by Congress; and the argument presented in that case against certain clauses of the constitu
  83 KB (13,244 words) - 04:37, September 13, 2023
• First Amendment
  | book_two = First Amendment Law: Freedom of Expression and Freedom of Religion ...cally words or acts that speaker intends to communicate a specific message and likely to be understood by audience as such
  110 KB (13,718 words) - 18:34, January 12, 2023
• Intellectual Property Nard/Outline
  ...ess, machine, article of manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof; ...ents a new, original, and ornamental design for an article of manufacture; and
  67 KB (10,673 words) - 01:27, March 26, 2022
• Constitutional Law Chemerinsky/Outline II
  <u>'''Personal Rights'''</u> ...round-color:#ffffff;color:#000000;">'''The distinction between substantive and procedural due process - '''</span></div>
  91 KB (13,291 words) - 23:46, June 11, 2023
• Income Tax Malman/Outline
  | text = The Individual Tax Base, Cases, Problems, and Policies in Federal Taxation Malman Sugin Wallace § 1(a), (b), (c) & (d) provide rates, and subsection (i) modifies (c) & (d).
  120 KB (17,750 words) - 01:27, March 26, 2022
• Constitution of the United States/Art. I/Sec. 8/Clause 1 General Welfare
  ...Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States;}} ...nited States v. Constantine]]'', 296 U.S. 287, 293-94 (1935).</span></ref> and the subject matter of taxation.<ref><span id="ALDF_00023681">''See'', ''e.g
  96 KB (14,774 words) - 04:34, September 13, 2023
• Section 1983 Litigation/Elements of Claim, Functional Role, Pleading, and Jurisdiction
  ...f § 1983 claim) (citing 1 Martin Schwartz, Section 1983 Litigation: Claims and Defenses, § 1.4 at 12 (3d ed. 1997)).</ref> The plaintiff must establish ...rd-El v. Britton, 523 U.S. 574, 594 (1998) (rejecting imposition of “clear and convincing evidence” burden on plaintiffs who assert wrongful motive clai
  64 KB (9,353 words) - 22:36, September 26, 2023
• Constitution of the United States/Tenth Amend.
  ...h Amendment}}<font size="+3">Tenth Amendment Rights Reserved to the States and the People</font> ...d Interstate Commerce Clause|Art. I, Sec. 8, Cl. 3: United States v. Lopez and Interstate Commerce Clause]].</span></ref>
  72 KB (11,038 words) - 04:30, September 13, 2023
• Civil Procedure Freer/7th ed. Outline
  |subject=Civil Procedure |text=Civil Procedure Freer 7th ed
  120 KB (19,005 words) - 01:27, March 26, 2022
• Section 1983 Litigation/Municipal Liability
  ...view in the circuits is that a municipality can waive ''Monell''’s “policy and practice” requirements. Kinnison v. City of San Antonio, 480 Fed. App’x ...ment. The Court relied on the language of § 1983, its legislative history, and the decision in ''Monell''. It found that
  72 KB (10,825 words) - 22:38, September 26, 2023
• Constitution of the United States/Thirteenth Amend./Section 2 Enforcement
  ...lyatt v. United States]]'', 197 U.S. 207, 217 (1905) (citing ''[[The Civil Rights Cases]]'', 109 U.S. at 20, 23).</span></ref> ...s to make and enforce contracts and hold property, among other fundamental rights.<ref><span id="ALDF_00020652">''See, e.g.'', Act of April 9, 1866, 39 Cong.
  27 KB (3,991 words) - 04:39, September 13, 2023
• Constitutional Law
  ...s, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the Laws of the US, and Treaties made…under their authority." * Did not give them general jurisdiction in civil cases arising under federal law.
  17 KB (2,406 words) - 20:23, June 4, 2023