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Constitution of the United States/Art. IV: Difference between revisions
(Adapted from Cong. Rsch. Serv., Constitution of the United States: Analysis and Interpretation, https://constitution.congress.gov (last visited Aug. 23, 2023)) |
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===Overview=== | ===Overview=== | ||
Article IV of the U.S. Constitution is sometimes called the "States' Relations Article." | Article IV of the U.S. Constitution is sometimes called the "States' Relations Article." It contains several provisions concerning the federalist structure of government established by the Constitution, which divides sovereignty between the states and the National Government. | ||
Sections 1 and 2 concern the states' relationships with each other. Section 1 is referred to as the Full Faith and Credit Clause, and requires states to recognize the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of other states; | Sections 1 and 2 concern the states' relationships with each other. Section 1 is referred to as the Full Faith and Credit Clause, and requires states to recognize the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of other states; for example, states must generally give effect to judgments issued by an out-of-state court. Section 2 addresses interstate comity, that is, harmony and cooperation among the states. Its first clause grants the citizens of each state the privileges and immunities of the citizens of other states, preventing states from discriminating against non-residents in favor of their own citizens. Its second clause addresses when a person accused of a crime flees from one state to another, requiring the state where the fugitive is found to return him to the state where he has been charged with a crime, upon proper demand. | ||
Sections 3 and 4 concern the states' relationships to the National Government. Section 3 grants Congress two important powers: to admit new states into the union, | Sections 3 and 4 concern the states' relationships to the National Government. Section 3 grants Congress two important powers: to admit new states into the union, and to govern federal territories and property. Through Section 4, known as the Guarantee Clause, the United States promises to protect the states against foreign invasion and domestic insurrection, and to ensure that each state has "a Republican Form of Government." | ||
==Section 1 Full Faith and Credit Clause== | ==Section 1 Full Faith and Credit Clause== |
Latest revision as of 05:03, September 13, 2023
Article IV Relationships Between the States
Overview[edit | edit source]
Article IV of the U.S. Constitution is sometimes called the "States' Relations Article." It contains several provisions concerning the federalist structure of government established by the Constitution, which divides sovereignty between the states and the National Government.
Sections 1 and 2 concern the states' relationships with each other. Section 1 is referred to as the Full Faith and Credit Clause, and requires states to recognize the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of other states; for example, states must generally give effect to judgments issued by an out-of-state court. Section 2 addresses interstate comity, that is, harmony and cooperation among the states. Its first clause grants the citizens of each state the privileges and immunities of the citizens of other states, preventing states from discriminating against non-residents in favor of their own citizens. Its second clause addresses when a person accused of a crime flees from one state to another, requiring the state where the fugitive is found to return him to the state where he has been charged with a crime, upon proper demand.
Sections 3 and 4 concern the states' relationships to the National Government. Section 3 grants Congress two important powers: to admit new states into the union, and to govern federal territories and property. Through Section 4, known as the Guarantee Clause, the United States promises to protect the states against foreign invasion and domestic insurrection, and to ensure that each state has "a Republican Form of Government."
Section 1 Full Faith and Credit Clause[edit | edit source]
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Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may by general Laws prescribe the Manner in which such Acts, Records and Proceedings shall be proved, and the Effect thereof. |
Section 2 Interstate Comity[edit | edit source]
Clause 1 Privileges and Immunities[edit | edit source]
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The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States. |
Clause 2 Interstate Extradition[edit | edit source]
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A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on Demand of the executive Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having Jurisdiction of the Crime. |
Clause 3 Slavery[edit | edit source]
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No Person held to Service or Labour in one State, under the Laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such Service or Labour, but shall be delivered up on Claim of the Party to whom such Service or Labour may be due. |
Section 3 New States and Federal Property[edit | edit source]
Clause 1 Admissions[edit | edit source]
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New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no new State shall be formed or erected within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State be formed by the Junction of two or more States, or Parts of States, without the Consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Congress. |
Clause 2 Territory and Other Property[edit | edit source]
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The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property belonging to the United States; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to Prejudice any Claims of the United States, or of any particular State. |
Section 4 Republican Form of Government[edit | edit source]
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The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government, and shall protect each of them against Invasion; and on Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be convened) against domestic Violence. |