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  • ...person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.}} ...ice Roger Taney, writing for the Court, ruled that this rule did not apply to freed slaves. The Court held that United States citizenship was enjoyed by
    1.11 MB (176,394 words) - 04:39, September 13, 2023
  • ...isdiction;--to Controversies to which the United States shall be a Party;--to Controversies between two or more States;--between a State and Citizens of ...ases or Controversies]].</span></ref> In ''[[Cohens v. Virginia]]'', Chief Justice John Marshall explained these principles, stating:
    935 KB (144,511 words) - 04:46, September 13, 2023
  • ...DF_00025505">''Id.'' at 1153.</span></ref> and the House and Senate agreed to final language in conference. ...not be deprived or abridged of their right to speak, to write or otherwise to publish anything but false facts affecting injuriously the life, liberty, p
    676 KB (103,970 words) - 16:04, November 7, 2023
  • ...f the Fifth Amendment requires that the government pay "just compensation" to owners of private property that the government takes for public use. ...t in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property
    492 KB (76,863 words) - 04:29, September 13, 2023
  • ...not applicable to the states by the Amendment's terms, the Court has come to protect all the rights guaranteed in the Sixth Amendment against state abri ...at one time were not considered criminal prosecutions, are now considered to be criminal prosecutions for purposes of the Amendment.<ref><span id="ALDF_
    423 KB (65,907 words) - 04:29, September 13, 2023
  • ...e supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Cou ...udicial power thus confers on federal courts the power to decide cases and to render a judgment that conclusively resolves each case.
    384 KB (58,677 words) - 04:46, September 13, 2023
  • ...diction|Article III, Section 2]] '''limits '''the jx of the federal courts to:'<nowiki/>''''' ...tate shall be a party.”] APPELLATE JURISDICTION: The Supreme Court’s power to review decisions of other courts. Article III of the Constitution gives the
    373 KB (58,299 words) - 19:37, July 2, 2023
  • ...e Court, however, has interpreted the Fourth Amendment to allow exceptions to the warrant requirement. ...articularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
    370 KB (57,962 words) - 04:29, September 13, 2023
  • ...ext|He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he s ...dent, acting with the advice and consent of the Senate, with the authority to make treaties for the United States.
    423 KB (63,941 words) - 04:44, September 13, 2023
  • ...= Constitutional Law for a Changing America: Rights, Liberties, and Justice ...arches, picketing, armbands are just a few examples of expressive conduct. To deny [[Constitution_of_the_United_States#1st_Amendment_.28Basic_freedoms.29
    268 KB (42,125 words) - 13:54, June 30, 2023
  • {{Clause|Clause Text|To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and w ...s, however, the Supreme Court increasingly heard cases on Congress's power to regulate commerce, with the result that its interstate Commerce Clause juri
    286 KB (44,289 words) - 16:30, October 11, 2023
  • {{Clause|Clause Text|To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Executi ...zes Congress to employ any means that are "appropriate and plainly adapted to the permitted end."<ref><span id="ALDF_00015006">''[[United States v. Darby
    239 KB (36,333 words) - 04:37, September 13, 2023
  • ...e signification." James Iredell, Marcus, Answers to Mr. Mason's Objections to the New Constitution (1788), ''reprinted in'' 5 The Founders' Constitution ...2) (recognizing application of prohibition on cruel and unusual punishment to states).</span></ref>
    180 KB (27,855 words) - 04:30, September 13, 2023
  • ...impeached and convicted ministers and favorites of the Crown in a struggle to rein in the Crown's power. ...es clear, however, that Members of Congress are not civil officers subject to impeachment and removal.<ref><span id="ALDF_00013845">''See'' [[{{ROOTPAGEN
    143 KB (21,049 words) - 04:44, September 13, 2023
  • ...between them, with Respect to the Time of Adjournment, he may adjourn them to such Time as he shall think proper; he shall receive Ambassadors and other ...ption of its duty. Conversely, the President is not obliged by this Clause to impart information which, in his judgment, should in the public interest be
    167 KB (25,521 words) - 04:44, September 13, 2023
  • ...elating to the Duties of their respective Offices, and he shall have Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences against the United States, except ...f the military, said: "Would the honorable member say that the sword ought to be put in the hands of the representatives of the people, or in other hands
    174 KB (27,204 words) - 04:44, September 13, 2023
  • ...ecember 16, 2013|work=The Times of Israel|agency=Jewish Telegraphic Agency|access-date=December 16, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/201312170153 ...witz/ | title = Contributor Alan Dershowitz | work = The Huffington Post | access-date = November 20, 2010 | df = mdy-all | archive-url = https://web.archive
    89 KB (11,913 words) - 13:52, January 25, 2020
  • ...y protects the freedoms of speech, press, peaceable assembly, and petition to the Government. ...uses and the Free Speech Clause. The ''Constitution Annotated'' then turns to this latter Clause, discussing interpretations of the Free Speech Clause be
    127 KB (19,290 words) - 16:15, November 7, 2023
  • ...Heller, 554 U.S. 570 (2008) (Second Amendment guarantees individual right to possess gun for personal safety, not just for military service). Since ''Mc ...are unenforceable.<ref>''Id.'' at 107.</ref> When state action is alleged to violate a federal statute, the pertinent issue is whether the particular fe
    205 KB (30,427 words) - 13:52, October 8, 2023
  • ...8 (1978).</ref> the Supreme Court held that municipal entities are subject to § 1983 liability, but not on the basis of respondeat superior.<ref>State l ...694. The municipal “policy or practice” requisite is often very difficult to satisfy. ''See, e.g.,'' Wimberly v. City of Clovis, 375 F. Supp. 2d 1120, 1
    72 KB (10,825 words) - 22:38, September 26, 2023
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