Brown v. Board of Education (Brown I): Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox Case Brief | {{Infobox Case Brief | ||
|court= | |court=Supreme Court of the United States | ||
|citation=347 U.S. 483 (1954) | |citation=347 U.S. 483 (1954) | ||
|date=May 17, 1954 | |date=May 17, 1954 | ||
|subject=Constitutional Law | |subject=Constitutional Law | ||
|appealed_from=U.S.D.C., District of Kansas | |appealed_from=U.S.D.C., District of Kansas | ||
|overturned= | |overturned=Plessy v. Ferguson | ||
| | |related=Brown v. Board of Education (Brown II) | ||
| | |facts=This case was the consolidation of cases arising in Kansas, South Carolina, Virginia, Delaware, and Washington D.C. relating to the segregation of public schools on the basis of race. In each of the cases, African American students had been denied admittance to certain public schools based on laws allowing public education to be segregated by race. They argued that such segregation violated the Equal Protection Clause of the [[14th Amendment]]. The plaintiffs were denied relief in the lower courts based on ''[[Plessy v. Ferguson]]'', which held that racially segregated public facilities were legal so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal. (This was known as the “separate but equal” doctrine.) | ||
| | |procedural_history=Linda Brown wasn't allowed to enroll in a mostly-white school nearest to her home in [https://www.topeka.org/#gsc.tab=0 Topeka], Kansas. Her parent & 13 others who were similarly situated sued the school board in Kansas. | ||
|issues=Does the segregation of public education based solely on race violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment? | |||
|holding=Racial separation is a violation of the EPC of the 14th Amendment. | |||
Separate educational facilities are inherently un-equal. | |||
|reasons="In approaching this problem, we cannot turn the clock back to 1868, when the Amendment was adopted, or even to 1896, when ''Plessy v. Ferguson'' was written. We must consider public education in the light of its full development and its present place in American life throughout the Nation. Only in this way can it be determined if segregation in public schools deprives these plaintiffs of the equal protection of the laws. | |||
"Today, education is perhaps the most important function of state and local governments." | |||
|case_text_links={{Infobox Case Brief/Case Text Link | |||
|link=https://landmarkcases.c-span.org/Case/8/Brown-v.-Board-of-Education | |||
|case_text_source=C-SPAN video discussion | |||
}}{{Infobox Case Brief/Case Text Link | |||
|link=https://www.quimbee.com/cases/brown-v-board-of-education-brown-i | |||
|source_type=Video summary | |||
|case_text_source=Quimbee | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{Court opinion part | |Court_opinion_parts={{Court opinion part | ||
|opinion_type=unanimous | |opinion_type=unanimous | ||
|written_by=[[Earl Warren]] | |||
|written_by=Earl Warren | }} | ||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 03:36, July 14, 2023
| Brown v. Board of Education (Brown I) | |
| Court | Supreme Court of the United States |
|---|---|
| Citation | 347 U.S. 483 (1954) |
| Date decided | May 17, 1954 |
| Appealed from | U.S.D.C., District of Kansas |
| Overturned | Plessy v. Ferguson |
| Related | Brown v. Board of Education (Brown II) |
| Case Opinions | |
| unanimous | written by Earl Warren |
Facts
This case was the consolidation of cases arising in Kansas, South Carolina, Virginia, Delaware, and Washington D.C. relating to the segregation of public schools on the basis of race. In each of the cases, African American students had been denied admittance to certain public schools based on laws allowing public education to be segregated by race. They argued that such segregation violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. The plaintiffs were denied relief in the lower courts based on Plessy v. Ferguson, which held that racially segregated public facilities were legal so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal. (This was known as the “separate but equal” doctrine.)
Procedural History
Linda Brown wasn't allowed to enroll in a mostly-white school nearest to her home in Topeka, Kansas. Her parent & 13 others who were similarly situated sued the school board in Kansas.
Issues
Does the segregation of public education based solely on race violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment?
Holding
Racial separation is a violation of the EPC of the 14th Amendment.
Separate educational facilities are inherently un-equal.Reasons
"In approaching this problem, we cannot turn the clock back to 1868, when the Amendment was adopted, or even to 1896, when Plessy v. Ferguson was written. We must consider public education in the light of its full development and its present place in American life throughout the Nation. Only in this way can it be determined if segregation in public schools deprives these plaintiffs of the equal protection of the laws.
